# Bao gồm: including / consisting of in Vietnamese (B2)

> Bao gồm means "consist of" or "include". It goes between the whole and its parts: Đoàn công tác bao gồm năm thành viên (the delegation consists of five…

Source: https://vietnamesebuddy.com/grammar/bao-gom/ · Updated 2026-10-17

**including / consisting of**

Pattern: `[whole] + bao gồm + [parts]`

Level: B2 (our estimate) · Register: formal

Typed without accents: bao gom

*Bao gồm* means "consist of" or "include". It goes between the whole and its parts: *Đoàn công tác bao gồm năm thành viên* (the delegation consists of five members). After a comma, it opens a list that spells out what came before: *các khoản phí, bao gồm học phí và phí ký túc xá* (the fees, including tuition and dormitory fees).

You'll read it constantly in news, regulations, contracts and on receipts: *Giá đã bao gồm thuế* (price includes tax). The opposite is *chưa bao gồm* (not included): *giá chưa bao gồm VAT*. The shorter *gồm* means the same and is just as common, especially before a number: *Hội đồng gồm 7 thành viên.* *Bao gồm cả* adds "as well": *bao gồm cả trẻ em* (children included).

*Bao gồm* covers everything that makes up the whole. Two neighbours do different jobs. *Trong đó* picks out part of a total you've just given: *200 người, trong đó có 50 trẻ em* (200 people, 50 of them children). *Kể cả* stresses that someone you might expect to be left out is in: *Ai cũng phải xếp hàng, kể cả giám đốc* (everyone has to queue, even the director).

In conversation, *gồm có* or simply *có* does the job: *Phòng này có hai giường với một cái tủ.* The full *bao gồm* sounds like a notice or a menu, which is exactly where you'll meet it.

## Examples

- Đoàn kiểm tra bao gồm đại diện Sở Y tế và Sở Công Thương. — The inspection team includes representatives of the Department of Health and the Department of Industry and Trade.
- Giá vé đã bao gồm thuế giá trị gia tăng và bảo hiểm hành khách. — The ticket price includes VAT and passenger insurance.
- Hồ sơ dự tuyển bao gồm đơn đăng ký, sơ yếu lý lịch và bản sao văn bằng. — The application file consists of an application form, a CV and copies of qualifications.
- Thành phố sẽ hỗ trợ các hộ bị ảnh hưởng, bao gồm cả các hộ kinh doanh nhỏ lẻ. — The city will support affected households, including small family businesses.

## Compare

- [Of which, among them: …, trong đó …](https://vietnamesebuddy.com/grammar/trong-do/): of which
- [Including: kể cả](https://vietnamesebuddy.com/grammar/ke-ca-including/): including

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