So as to (spoken): verb + mà + verb

to, so as to (spoken)

Pattern: [verb 1] (+ [object]) + mà + [verb 2]

A2 · estimatespoken

Typed without accents: ma

In speech, mà between two verbs can mean "to", in the sense of "and use it to": Con cầm tiền này mà mua sữa. Take this money and buy some milk with it. The first verb is about taking, keeping or getting something; the second says what it's for.

You'll hear it mostly in offers and requests, when you hand someone something and tell them what to do with it: Anh lấy dù của em mà đi. Take my umbrella (in Hà Nội, ô). It sounds warm and practical, the voice of a parent or an older friend. About yourself it's rare: with tôi or em doing the action, để sounds more natural.

Để is the general word for "to, in order to", and it fits writing too: Tôi học tiếng Việt để nói chuyện với ba mẹ vợ. Mà is casual, joins two verbs that sit close together, and never opens a sentence the way để can.

Mà in the middle of a sentence can also mean "but, and yet". There, the two parts pull against each other; here, the second verb simply says what the first is for.

Examples

Highlighted words are what Saigon and Hà Nội say differently.

  • Con cầm tiền này mà mua sữa.

    Take this money and buy some milk.

  • Saigon

    Anh lấy dù của em mà đi.

    Hà Nội

    Anh lấy ô của em mà đi.

    Take my umbrella.

  • Bánh còn nhiều, em lấy về mà ăn.

    There's lots of cake left, take some home to eat.

  • Saigon

    Chị cho em mượn cuốn sách này mà đọc.

    Hà Nội

    Chị cho em mượn quyển sách này mà đọc.

    I'll lend you this book to read.

Words in this pattern

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