Setting the frame: trong bối cảnh, trong quá trình, trong khuôn khổ

in the context of / in the course of / within the framework of

Pattern: Trong bối cảnh + [situation], [main sentence] · [event] + trong quá trình + [verb or noun] · Trong khuôn khổ + [visit, programme or agreement], …

B2 · estimateformalwritten

Typed without accents: trong boi canh, trong qua trinh, trong khuon kho

Variants

  • Trong bối cảnh đó, … (opener)

News and official writing often open with a phrase that sets the frame for what follows. Three of the most common are built the same way: trong (in), a frame noun, then the situation.

Trong bối cảnh (in the context of, against a background of) names the wider situation: Trong bối cảnh giá vàng biến động mạnh, nhiều người chuyển sang gửi tiết kiệm. With gold prices swinging sharply, many people are switching to savings accounts. Trong bối cảnh đó (against that background) links back to what was just described.

Trong quá trình (in the course of, during) frames an activity that takes time: trong quá trình thi công (during construction), trong quá trình điều tra (in the course of the investigation).

Trong khuôn khổ (within the framework of, as part of) ties an event to a larger programme, visit or agreement: Trong khuôn khổ chuyến thăm, hai bên đã ký năm văn kiện. As part of the visit, the two sides signed five documents.

Compare trong khi (while), which links two actions at the same time, and trong trường hợp (in the event that), which sets a condition.

All three are frequent in news and government texts, and the first two in papers too. In conversation, people say lúc or khi for time: Lúc sửa nhà mới thấy … It was while we were doing up the house that we noticed …

Examples

  • Trong bối cảnh giá nguyên liệu tăng cao, nhiều doanh nghiệp buộc phải điều chỉnh giá bán.

    With raw material prices high, many businesses have had to adjust their prices.

  • Đoàn kiểm tra phát hiện nhiều sai phạm trong quá trình thi công cây cầu.

    The inspection team found many violations in the construction of the bridge.

  • Trong khuôn khổ chuyến thăm, hai bên đã ký kết năm văn kiện hợp tác.

    As part of the visit, the two sides signed five cooperation documents.

  • Trong quá trình nghiên cứu, nhóm tác giả đã phỏng vấn 40 giáo viên tiểu học.

    In the course of the research, the authors interviewed 40 primary school teachers.

Compare

Join the waitlist

Vietnamese Buddy is invite-only for now. Leave your email and we’ll write to you when accounts open.

Already invited? Sign in

We email you once to confirm your address and once when accounts open — nothing else.