có
have · yes (reply) · yes/no question · there is · did indeed
Typed without accents: co
Meanings
Highlighted words are what Saigon and Hà Nội say differently.
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have
verbFor "don't have", say không có. "Have to" is phải, never có.
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yes (reply)
verbyes
The answer to a có … không? question; repeating the verb works too. To someone older, say Dạ, có.
A1Grammar: Answering yes/no questions: có, không, or the verb again
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yes/no question
particle(có … không?) asks a yes-or-no question: do you …?
Có … không? asks yes or no: Anh có nói tiếng Anh không? The answer is có or không.
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there is
verbthere is, there are
Start with the place, then có: Gần đây có chợ, literally "near here has a market".
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Saigon
Hà Nội
There's nothing in the fridge.
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did indeed
particleBefore a verb in a statement, a stressed có insists that something really happened, often to answer a doubt: Em có gọi mà! (I did call!). It never means "have to".
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I did call you; you just didn't pick up.